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CASE DIGEST: RENATO CUDIA S. CA G.R. No. 110315 : January 16,1998/ MARIE BETH D. REVILLA

 

RENATO CUDIA S. CA

G.R. No. 110315 : January 16,1998

 

FACTS:

Renato Cudia was arrested for Illegal Possession of Firearms and Ammunition on June 28, 1989 in Mabalacat, Pampanga. He was taken to Sto. Domingo, Angeles City, where a forensic investigation was conducted and an information against him was submitted by the City Prosecutor.

The case against him was raffled to Branch 60 of the Regional Trial Court of Angeles City. Upon his arraignment, the court called the attention of the parties and contrary of the information , Renatio Cudia had committed the offense in Mabalacat and not in Angeles City. Thus the judge ordered that the case should be assigned to a court involving crimes committed outside Angeles City consequently it was assigned to Branch 56 of the Angeles City RTC.

The Provincial Prosecutor of Pampanga, on the other hand, filed an information accusing Renato Cudio with the same offence, which was also transferred to Branch 56 of the Angeles City RTC, resulting in two information filed for the same crime. The City Prosecutor filed a Motion to Dismiss/Withdraw the Information, which was denied by the trial court.

Renato filed a Motion to Quash the criminal case filed by the Provincial Prosecutor on the ground that his continued prosecution for the offense of illegal possession of firearms and ammunition for which he had been arraigned in the first criminal case, and which had been dismissed despite his opposition would violate his right not to be put twice in jeopardy of punishment for the same offense.

The motion to quash was dismissed by the district court, but petitioner took the case to the Court of Appeals. The appeals court dismissed the case, finding that there was no double jeopardy and that the petition should not have been convicted under the first knowledge because it was faulty. This appeal stems from the denial of the petitioner's motion for reconsideration.

ISSUE:

Whether the Court of Appeals was correct in finding that the City Prosecutor and Angeles City lacked the right to file the initial evidence.

RULING:

No, the City Prosecutor of Angeles City has no right to file the first evidence since the crime was committed in the Municipality of Mabalacat, which is outside of his jurisdiction. In relation to Section 9 of the Administrative Code of 1987, Presidential Decree No. 1275 states that:

 

Sec. 11. The provincial or the city fiscal shall:

b.) Investigate and / or cause to investigate all charges of crimes, misdemeanors and violations of all penal laws and ordinances within their respective jurisdiction and have the necessary information or complaint prepared or made against the persons accused. In the conduct of such investigations he or his assistants shall receive the sworn statements or take oral evidence of witnesses summoned by subpoena for the purpose.

It is thus the Provincial of Pampanga, not the City Prosecutor, who should prepare informations for offenses committed within Pampanga but outside of Angeles City. An information, when required to be filed by a public prosecuting officer, cannot be filed by another. It must be exhibited or presented by the prosecuting attorney or someone authorized by law. If not the court does not acquire jurisdiction.

In fine, there must have been a valid and sufficient complaint or information in the former prosecution. As the fiscal had no authority to file the information, the dismissal of the first information would not be a bar to petitioner’s subsequent prosecution. As the first information was fatally defective for lack of authority of the officer filling it, the instant petition must fail for failure to comply with all the requisites necessary to invoke double jeopardy.

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